RAF PATHFINDERS ARCHIVE

Guy Gibson, the Dams Raid, and the Pathfinders

Posted by RAF PATHFINDERS ARCHIVEon May 16, 2020September 5, 2020in 582 Squadron, 97 Squadron Aircrew, Bomber Command, RAF Station Coningsby

Today is the anniversary of the Dams Raid, the most famous Bomber Command raid of the war. Guy Gibson received the Victoria Cross for his leadership and the account in the London Gazette is still thrilling today, 77 years later.

Although the Pathfinders had no part in the Dams Raid, several of our aircrew had flown with Gibson earlier in the war. Amongst these was Donald Margach, a bomb aimer, who was to lose his life flying with 582 Squadron in July 1944. See: Donald Margach and Guy Gibson

Some Pathfinder aircrew worked with Gibson after the Dams Raid. This was at 54 Base, centred at Coningsby, which provided target-marking and illumination for 5 Group operations. It was ‘a place of tactical innovation’ (Richard Morris, Guy Gibson, Penguin 1995, p.252), and the place for the cream of RAF pilots. John Simpson had moved there from 97 Squadron (by then, of course, in 5 Group), as had Charles Owen, another 97 Squadron superstar.

VE Day, 1945 – Victory at the Pathfinders

Posted by RAF PATHFINDERS ARCHIVEon May 8, 2020May 8, 2020in Donald Bennett, AOC, End of the War, RAF Station Wyton

VICTORY MESSAGE

To: The Path Finder Force

From: Air Vice-Marshal D C T Bennett, CB, CBE, DSO.

Great Britain and the Commonwealth have made a contribution to the civilised world so magnificent that history alone will be able to appreciate it fully. Through disaster and triumph, sometimes supported and sometimes alone, the British races have steadfastly and energetically over many long years flung their forces against the international criminals. VE Day, 1945 – Victory at the Pathfinders

Victory in Europe: Avoiding Damage to Public Property

Posted by RAF PATHFINDERS ARCHIVEon May 7, 2020May 8, 2020in Archive News, End of the War, RAF Station Warboys, Training

All the Pathfinder squadrons and units recorded in their ORBs on 8 May 1945 that Victory in Europe had been achieved. Above is our favourite entry.

The full page of the ORB, which is that of the NTU (National Training Unit) at Warboys, is below: (see also Training the Pathfinders)

It is interesting to note that the Pathfinders clearly knew that victory had been declared on 7th May, one day before the public announcement.

End of War Celebratory Squadron Photographs

Posted by RAF PATHFINDERS ARCHIVEon May 7, 2020in 105 Squadron, 109 Squadron, 582 Squadron, End of the War

At the end of the war, many Pathfinder squadrons had photographs taken of their aircrew, occasionally including some of the ground crew as well. There are a number of these celebratory photographs on this site under different subject headings, but here in celebration of VE Day tomorrow are three of them grouped together. End of War Celebratory Squadron Photographs

Horace Bennett’s Photos of Germany, May 1945

Posted by RAF PATHFINDERS ARCHIVEon May 6, 2020in 635 Squadron, End of the War

Once aircrew could fly safely over Germany in daylight, many were absolutely amazed by the devastation which had been wrought by Allied bombing. Crews sometimes took photographs of the apocalyptic scenes. Horace Bennett, a gunner on 635 Squadron, had a small collection of these photographs, presumably taken during his crew’s trips over Germany. Horace Bennett’s Photos of Germany, May 1945

The RAF’s Sir Arthur Tedder and the German Surrender

Posted by RAF PATHFINDERS ARCHIVEon May 4, 2020in Archive News, End of the War, The RAF

Probably at no time in its existence has the prestige of the RAF stood higher than at the end of the Second World War. The huge part that the RAF had played in the Allied victory was emphasised at that time by the fact that it was Air Chief Marshal Sir Arthur Tedder who was the Deputy Supreme Allied Commander, second only to General Eisenhower himself. The RAF’s Sir Arthur Tedder & the German Surrender

POWs brought back from Lubeck, near Kiel, 9 May 1945

Posted by RAF PATHFINDERS ARCHIVEon May 3, 2020in 582 Squadron, End of the War, RAF Station Little Staughton

What a difference six days made! Less than a week after the Pathfinder Mosquito attacks on Kiel, and on the airfields in the Kiel and Lubeck area, Pathfinder Lancasters were back using the airfield at Lubeck to collect and bring home prisoners of war. One of the crews flying on 9 May was that of Flying Officer Coombes and Bill Lapthorn, his flight engineer, See: POWs brought back from Lubeck, near Kiel, 9 May 1945

The Final Pathfinder Operation, Kiel and Nearby Airfields, 2/3 May 1945

Posted by RAF PATHFINDERS ARCHIVEon May 2, 2020May 3, 2020in 608 Mosquito Squadron, End of the War, RAF Station Downham Market

The last Bomber Command attack of the war took place on the night of 2/3 May, when Pathfinder Mosquitoes, in two forces of 16 and 126 respectively, together with 37 Mosquitoes of 100 Group. bombed Kiel and nearby airfields.

This attack was in support of Montgomery’s troops, who by now were closing in on Lubeck and Kiel. The Germans in the area were preparing to flee to Norway from either one of the two harbours.

The Pathfinder Mosquito squadrons went out in two separate raids, the Kiel attack being in two waves one hour apart. Although the Luftwaffe no longer had any aircraft in the air, the Kiel flak guns and the German warships in the harbour were still a considerable danger but no Pathfinder aircraft were shot down.

The only Mosquito crew lost was that of Flying Officer Catterall and Flight Sergeant Beadle of 169 Squadron, 100 Group, who were shot down by flak. They and 13 members of the Halifax crews of Flight Lieutenant Brooks and Flight Lieutenant Currell of 199 Squadron (who were on Bomber Support duties and whose aircraft unfortunately collided) were the last Bomber Command operational casualties of the war.

This would be the last ever Pathfinder offensive operation. After reallocation of personnel and resources, the Pathfinders would finally be disbanded on 15 December 1945, seven months later.

The End of the War Approaches: Berchtesgaden Operation

Posted by RAF PATHFINDERS ARCHIVEon May 1, 2020May 3, 2020in 635 Squadron, End of the War

The Pathfinders flew two operations on 25 April 1945, the last major bombing operations which it undertook. One of these was to Wangerooge, the other to Berchtesgaden, a command centre and favourite resort of Adolf Hitler. In all the time that this site has been running (close on 20 years), it has never displayed a photograph of Hitler, whose war machine Bomber Command toiled so long, and with such heavy losses, to dismantle. It seems appropriate to use one here for the Berchtesgaden operation, part of the final destruction of Hitler’s empire.

The End of the War Approaches: Last Major Pathfinder Bombing Operations

Posted by RAF PATHFINDERS ARCHIVEon May 1, 2020May 1, 2020in 156 Squadron, End of the War, RAF Station Upwood

As the end of the war approached, the number of bombing sorties dropped off precipitously. The last major strategic operation in which the Pathfinders took part was on 25 April against the German island of Wangerooge, the most easterly of the Frisian islands, home to large German military installations. Wangerooge Operation

On the same day, the Pathfinders and other Bomber Command aircraft also attacked Berchtesgaden in the Bavarian Alps, a command centre and the favourite resort of Nazi grandees including Hitler, whose Eagle’s Nest redoubt was targeted.

These were the last major bombing operations which the Pathfinders flew.